1.4: The People Who Protect Nature

c. Read the text and complete the following sentences.

Question 1: Forests give us fresh air, clean water, __________ and shelter.

Answer: Forests give us fresh air, clean water, food and shelter.

Question 2: Tulsi Gowda planted more than __________ saplings.

Answer: Tulsi Gowda planted more than 30,000 saplings.

Question 3: Tulsi Gowda worked with the __________ department.

Answer: Tulsi Gowda worked with the forest department.

Question 4: Check dams and trenches help to store __________ water.

Answer: Check dams and trenches help to store rainwater.

Question 5: Rahibai Soma Popere encouraged farmers to grow __________crops.

Answer: Rahibai Soma Popere encouraged farmers to grow landraces crops.

d. Complete the following table.

Answer:

Names	State	Known as	Awarded ‘Padmashri’ in the year
Tulsi Gowda	Karnataka	Van Devata (Tree Goddess)	2021
Chaitram Pawar	Maharashtra	Water Conservationist	2025
Rahibai Popere	Maharashtra	Seed Mother	2020

e. Match the root words with the suitable prefixes.

Question: Match the root words (stop, known, present, advantage, possible, regular) with the suitable prefixes (re-, dis-, im-, ir-, un-, non-). Answer:

Prefix	Root word	Word
non-	stop	nonstop
un-	known	unknown
re-	present	represent
dis-	advantage	disadvantage
im-	possible	impossible
ir-	regular	irregular

f. (iii) Write the correct pronoun for the given words. (He, She, It)

Answer:

Words	Pronoun
king	He
doll	It
flower	It
pen	It
Yash	He
Srushti	She

g. Write a short paragraph on ‘Trees are our best friends.’

Answer: Trees are our best friends. They give us oxygen. We eat its fruits and nuts. We rest in its shade in summer. They help to bring rain. We should protect trees.

h. Collect information about environmental protection and water conservation activities.

Answer: (This is a self-study project for students. However, you can write a simple answer like this:)

Our Earth gives us everything we need to live, like clean air, green trees, and fresh water. When we protect the environment and save water, we make sure our planet stays healthy for everyone.

Easy Ways to Save Water (Water Conservation)

• The Brush Trick: Turn off the tap while brushing your teeth to save up to 12 litres of water every time.
• Leak Detective: Check your home and school for dripping taps and ask an adult to fix them immediately.
• Bucket Over Shower: Use a bucket and mug to take a bath instead of a shower to use much less water.
• Plants Love Leftovers: Pour leftover water from your water bottle or rinsed vegetables into garden pots instead of throwing it down the sink.

Easy Ways to Protect Nature (Environmental Protection)

• Say No to Plastic: Carry a cloth bag when you go shopping with your parents to cut down on plastic waste.
• The 3 Rs: Reduce the paper you waste, Reuse old plastic bottles as planters, and Recycle old notebooks.
• Plant a Seed: Grow a small plant on your balcony or join a tree-planting drive at your school.
• Switch Off: Turn off lights, fans, and computers the moment you leave a room to save energy.

i. What type of books do you like to read? Make a list of your favourite books.

Question: I like ________________________.

Answer: I like to read storybooks, fables, and books about nature and science.

No.	Name of books	No.	Name of books
1	Panchatantra Tales	4	Akbar and Birbal
2	The Jungle Book	5	Harry Potter
3	Tenali Raman	6	Malgudi Days

j. Create and write slogans for ‘Save Water’ and ‘Save Trees.’

Answer:

1. Save water, save life!
2. Plant a tree, plant a hope!
3. Every drop counts, save water!
4. Trees are the lungs of the earth, protect them!
5. Conserve water, secure your future!
6. Go green, keep the earth clean!

Word Section

इंग्रजी शब्द	उच्चार (Pronunciation)	मराठी अर्थ
Nature	नेचर	निसर्ग
Important	इम्पॉर्टंट	महत्त्वाचे
Shelter	शेल्टर	निवारा, आसरा
Breathe	ब्रीद	श्वास घेणे
Healthy	हेल्दी	निरोगी, आरोग्यदायी
Depend	डिपेंड	अवलंबून असणे
Understand	अंडरस्टँड	समजणे, आकलन होणे
Protect	प्रोटेक्ट	रक्षण करणे, संरक्षण करणे
Society	सोसायटी	समाज
Knowledge	नॉलेज	ज्ञान
Environment	एन्व्हायर्नमेंट	पर्यावरण
Environmentalist	एन्व्हायर्नमेंटलिस्ट	पर्यावरणवादी
Encyclopedia	एन्सायक्लोपीडिया	ज्ञानकोश
Sapling	सॅपलिंग	रोपटे
Species	स्पीशीज	प्रजाती (उदा. प्राणी किंवा वनस्पतींच्या)
Believe (Belive)	बिलीव्ह	विश्वास ठेवणे
Taught	टॉट	शिकवले (Teach चे भूतकाळ)
Experience	एक्सपिरियन्स	अनुभव
Traditional	ट्रॅडिशनल	पारंपारिक
Native	नेटिव्ह	मूळचे, स्थानिक
Encourage	एनकरेज	प्रोत्साहन देणे
Crop	क्रॉप	पीक
Instead	इन्स्टेड	ऐवजी, त्याऐवजी
Organic	ऑर्गेनिक	सेंद्रिय
Conservation	कॉन्झर्व्हेशन	संवर्धन, जतन
Herbs	हर्ब्ज	औषधी वनस्पती, वनौषधी
Landraces	लँडरेसेस	देशी वाण, स्थानिक वाण (बियाण्यांचे)
Include	इन्क्ल्युड	समाविष्ट करणे
Broadcasting	ब्रॉडकास्टिंग	प्रसारण / बियाणे विखुरण्याची किंवा फोकण्याची पद्धत
Corporation	कॉर्पोरेशन	महामंडळ, निगम
Pioneer	पायोनिअर	प्रणेता, आद्य प्रवर्तक, मार्गदर्शक
Development	डेव्हलपमेंट	विकास
Sustainable	सस्टेनेबल	शाश्वत, टिकणारे
Agriculture	ॲग्रिकल्चर	शेती, कृषी
Leader	लीडर	नेता, पुढारी
Led	लेड	नेतृत्व केले (Lead चे भूतकाळ)
Community	कम्युनिटी	समुदाय, समाज
Cultivation	कल्टिव्हेशन	लागवड, शेती करणे
Contribution	कॉन्ट्रिब्युशन	योगदान
Expert	एक्सपर्ट	तज्ज्ञ, निष्णात
Advisory	ॲडव्हायझरी	सल्लागार
Committee	कमिटी	समिती
Empower	एम्पॉवर	सक्षम करणे, अधिकार देणे
Especially	एस्पेशियली	विशेषतः, खास करून
Promote	प्रमोट	चालना देणे, प्रसार करणे
Self-reliant	सेल्फ-रिलायंट	स्वावलंबी
Extend	एक्सटेंड	वाढवणे, विस्तार करणे
Trench (Trenche)	ट्रेंच	चर, खंदक (पाणी अडवण्यासाठी किंवा संरक्षणासाठी खोदलेला)
Groundwater	ग्राउंडवॉटर	भूजल (जमिनीखालचे पाणी)
Increase	इनक्रीज	वाढ, वाढवणे
Area	एरिया	क्षेत्र, भाग, प्रदेश
Improve	इम्प्रूव्ह	सुधारणा करणे
Efforts	एफर्ट्स	प्रयत्न
Receive	रिसीव्ह	प्राप्त करणे, मिळवणे
Valuable	व्हॅल्युएबल	मौल्यवान, किमती

Also Read:1.3: Secret Plan of the Vegetables